Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Michael Koo, MD
Internal Medicine · Sugar Land, TX
Practice pattern: Electrophysiology & Cardiac
— Practice combining electrophysiology and cardiac services
Low-engagement
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Koo from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Koo
Dr. Michael Koo is an internal medicine specialist in Sugar Land, TX, with 17 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Koo performed 6,325 Medicare services across 4,337 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Koo received a total of $23,036 from 58 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 637 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in internal medicine. Most payments are for meals and travel — low-value interactions common across virtually all practicing physicians. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Koo is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. This is not a quality rating. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 17 years in practice
▲ Top 5% volume in TX
$23,036 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗6,325
Medicare services
Top 5% in TX for internal medicine
4,337
Unique beneficiaries
$66
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · Not a quality rating · How to read this →
~372 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrocardiogram (EKG), 12-lead A standard heart rhythm test using at least 12 leads to record electrical activity. A healthcare provider interprets the results and provides a written report. |
1,389 | $10 | $48 |
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
1,008 | $87 | $236 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, high complexity Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care for an existing patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 50 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
903 | $91 | $226 |
| EKG interpretation and report A standard electrocardiogram test that records the heart's electrical activity using at least 12 leads. The service includes a professional interpretation of the results and a written report. |
569 | $6 | $21 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
457 | $58 | $159 |
| Echocardiogram, transthoracic An ultrasound of the heart that uses color to show blood flow, rate, direction, and valve function. |
396 | $141 | $608 |
| Initial hospital admission, high complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 75 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
264 | $129 | $441 |
| Regadenoson injection (Lexiscan) for heart stress test An injection of regadenoson, a medication used to stress the heart during diagnostic testing. |
204 | $41 | $119 |
| Sedation by physician, initial 15 minutes Administration of a drug to induce depression of consciousness by the physician performing a procedure. This code covers the initial 15 minutes of sedation for patients aged 5 years or older. |
147 | $9 | $118 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while monitoring the electrocardiogram under physician supervision and review. |
139 | $45 | $228 |
| Cardiac catheterization | 110 | $189 | $708 |
| Follow-up heart ultrasound An ultrasound of the heart performed to monitor or reassess a previously identified condition or treatment progress. |
96 | $19 | $67 |
| Follow-up ultrasound of heart blood flow, valves and chambers An ultrasound exam that follows up on the heart's blood flow, valves, and chambers. It uses sound waves to create images of the heart's structure and function. |
94 | $5 | $81 |
| Echocardiogram with color Doppler An ultrasound of the heart that uses color imaging to visualize blood flow, measure flow rate, and assess valve function. |
94 | $2 | $117 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
93 | $101 | $363 |
| Coronary stent placement A procedure to insert a stent into a coronary artery or its branch to keep it open, using balloon dilation during the process. |
67 | $424 | $1,353 |
| Technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin diagnostic injection A diagnostic injection of Technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin used for imaging studies. |
62 | $42 | $54 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while monitoring the electrocardiogram, with physician review of the results. |
58 | $10 | $37 |
| Nuclear stress test of heart muscle A nuclear medicine imaging test that evaluates blood flow to the heart muscle at rest and during stress using a special camera. |
34 | $324 | $1,136 |
| Nuclear stress test of heart muscle A nuclear medicine imaging test that evaluates blood flow to the heart muscle while at rest and during stress. The procedure uses special cameras to create images of the heart's function. |
26 | $240 | $819 |
| New patient office visit, complex (60-74 min) | 25 | $127 | $450 |
| Office visit, established patient, complex (40-54 min) An office or outpatient visit for an existing patient lasting between 40 and 54 minutes. This level of service is determined by the total time spent on the date of the encounter. |
25 | $134 | $316 |
| Transcatheter aortic valve replacement via femoral artery A minimally invasive procedure to replace a diseased aortic heart valve using a catheter inserted through the skin and femoral artery. |
21 | $559 | $3,030 |
| Continuous ECG monitoring, up to 30 days Continuous heart rhythm monitoring for up to 30 days, including professional review and reporting of the results. |
20 | $17 | $59 |
| Intravascular ultrasound of heart vessel, initial An ultrasound procedure used to evaluate a blood vessel within the heart during a diagnostic or treatment procedure. |
12 | $51 | $226 |
| Telephone medical discussion, 21-30 minutes A telephone conversation with a physician lasting between 21 and 30 minutes. This code covers the time spent discussing medical matters over the phone. |
12 | $83 | $255 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
10.9% high complexity
11.5% medium
77.7% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$23,036
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $3,291/year across 7 years
Top 4% in TX for internal medicine
58
Companies
637
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$23,014 (99.9%)
Speaking / Promotional
Speaker programs, honoraria, and industry-sponsored educational events
$22 (0.1%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$2,022
2023
$2,572
2022
$2,346
2021
$1,290
2020
$685
2019
$1,289
2018
$12,833
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$10,710
Abbott Laboratories
$1,356
Medtronic, Inc.
$1,203
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$1,190
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$1,171
Amgen Inc.
$688
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$650
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$479
PFIZER INC.
$442
ABIOMED
$432
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$402
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$393
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$334
Boston Scientific Corporation
$324
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$283
Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc.
$212
Amarin Pharma Inc.
$188
Astellas Pharma US Inc
$165
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
$164
CARDIVA MEDICAL, INC.
$146
BIOTRONIK INC.
$146
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$136
Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$123
CVRx, Inc.
$120
Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$116
HeartFlow, Inc.
$113
Shockwave Medical, Inc
$110
Cardiovascular Systems Inc.
$99
Allergan, Inc.
$91
Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc.
$86
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$83
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals International, plc
$79
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.
$74
Novo Nordisk Inc
$72
iRhythm Technologies, Inc.
$64
ARALEZ PHARMACEUTICALS US INC.
$59
AltaThera Pharmaceuticals LLC
$42
Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$40
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation
$39
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$37
Allergan Inc.
$34
Teleflex LLC
$32
ZOLL Circulation Inc
$27
Gilead Sciences, Inc.
$27
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$26
ARBOR PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
$24
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
$24
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$23
Inspire Medical Systems, Inc.
$23
Baxter Healthcare
$21
Chiesi USA, Inc.
$17
Medtronic USA, Inc.
$17
AGEPHA Pharma FZ LLC
$16
Althera Pharmaceuticals LLC
$16
Becton, Dickinson and Company
$14
Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.
$12
GE HEALTHCARE
$11
Preventice Services, LLC
$11
Top 3 companies account for 57.6% of total payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
Arcalyst · Assurity Pacemaker · Azure · BG Mini Plus · BRILINTA · BYSTOLIC · Barostim Neo System · BodyGuardian · CAMZYOS · CARDIVA VASCADE 5F VCS · CARDIVA VASCADE 6/7F VCS · CARDIVA VASCADE MVP VVCS 6-12F · CHANTIX · COREVALVE EVOLUT R · COROFLOW · Confirm Rx · CoreValve Evolut · Corlanor · Coronary Orbital Atherectomy System · DRAGONFLY OPSTAR · EDARBI · ELIQUIS · EMPLICITI · ENTRESTO · Edarbi · FARXIGA · FFRct · GUIDELINER · General - Therapies · HARMONY · Hillrom - Carnation Ambulatory Monitor · ICDs · IN.PACT Admiral · INSPIRE · Impella · Inpefa · JARDIANCE · KENGREAL · Kerendia · LEQVIO · LEXISCAN · LODOCO · LUX-Dx Insertable Cardiac Monitor · LifeVest · Livalo · MITRACLIP · MULTAQ · Micra · Mitra Clip system · NAVITOR · NEXLETOL · NEXLIZET · ONPATTRO · ONYX FRONTIER · OPSUMIT · OPTICROSS · OPTIMIZER · OPTOWIRE · Optimizer · Orsiro Mission · Ozempic · PRADAXA · PRALUENT · PRALUENT ALIROCUMAB INJECTION · Pacemakers · Peripheral Orbital Atherectomy System · Quadra Allure MP RF CRT Pacemkr · Quadra Assura CRT Defibrillator · RESOLUTE ONYX · RESONATE · Repatha · Resolute · Reveal LINQ · Roszet · RotarexS 6 F x 135 cm · SAPIEN 3 Ultra RESILIA · SHOCKWAVE IVL SYSTEM WITH THE SHOCKWAVE C2 CORONARY IVL CATHETER · SUPERA · SYNERGY · Sotalol Hydrochloride · TEFLARO · THORATEC HEARTMATE 3 LVAS IMPLANT KIT · TRAPLINER · TherOx DS2 Console · UPTRAVI · VERQUVO · VYNDAMAX · VYNDAQEL · Vascepa · Vascular Lithotripsy · Verquvo · WATCHMAN · WATCHMAN Access System · WATCHMAN FLX · XARELTO · ZIO XT Patch · ZONTIVITY · iLab Ultrasound Imaging System
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Most payments (100%) are for meals and travel — low-value interactions that are common across virtually all practicing physicians. Total industry engagement is in the top 4% for internal medicine in TX.
Equivalent to $364 per 100 Medicare services performed
Geographic Context
Internal medicine physicians within 10 mi
2,268
Per 100K population
263.8
County median income
$113,409
Nearest hospital
HOUSTON METHODIST SUGARLAND HOSPITAL
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This measures how much public data is available about a provider — not how good they are. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Koo is an electrophysiology & cardiac specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 5% in TX), with low-engagement industry engagement in the top 4% of TX peers, with 17 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data. It describes data availability and patterns — not clinical quality. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Koo experienced with electrocardiogram (ekg), 12-lead?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Koo performed 1,389 electrocardiogram (ekg), 12-lead services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Koo receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Koo received a total of $23,036 from 58 companies across 637 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Koo's costs compare to other internal medicine physicians in Sugar Land?
Dr. Koo's average Medicare payment per service is $66. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Koo) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. The Transparency Score measures data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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