Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Ian Santoro, MD
Cardiovascular Disease · Albany, NY
Practice pattern: Electrophysiology & Remote
— Practice combining electrophysiology and remote services
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Santoro from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Santoro
Dr. Ian Santoro is a cardiovascular disease specialist in Albany, NY, with 21 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Santoro performed 8,421 Medicare services in 2023. These records do not provide a deduplicated patient total.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Santoro received a total of $10,723 from 28 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 262 payment records. A record can group multiple payments. These transfers are publicly reported through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their effect on care. A reliable breakdown by payment category is not available in this snapshot. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Santoro is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 21 years of NPI registration
▲ Top 4% volume in NY
$10,723 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary — 2023
Medicare Utilization ↗8,421
Medicare services
Top 4% in NY for cardiovascular disease
Not available
Unique patients (not deduplicated)
$58
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Remote pacemaker/defibrillator monitoring, 90 days Remote evaluation of a pacemaker or implantable defibrillator system within 90 days of the last check. |
1,251 | $15 | $41 |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG), 12-lead A standard heart rhythm test using at least 12 leads to record electrical activity. A healthcare provider interprets the results and provides a written report. |
902 | $10 | $30 |
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
897 | $86 | $250 |
| Remote pacemaker monitoring, 90 days Remote assessment of a pacemaker system, including single, dual, multiple lead, or leadless devices, performed up to 90 days apart. |
799 | $20 | $60 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart rhythm device Evaluation of data transmitted remotely from an implantable cardiovascular monitor, such as a loop recorder or subcutaneous cardiac rhythm monitor, over a period up to 30 days. |
584 | $54 | $268 |
| Remote evaluation of implantable defibrillator system Remote assessment of a single, dual, or multiple lead implantable defibrillator system within 90 days of the previous evaluation. |
460 | $25 | $75 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart device, up to 30 days Remote evaluation of an implanted heart or blood vessel monitoring system over a period of up to 30 days. |
365 | $18 | $50 |
| Pacemaker programming, dual lead system Adjustment and configuration of a dual-lead pacemaker device to ensure proper operation and settings. |
300 | $57 | $151 |
| Remote cardiac rhythm monitor evaluation, up to 30 days Review and analysis of data from a remote cardiac rhythm monitoring system over a period of up to 30 days. |
220 | $18 | $50 |
| Blood draw (venipuncture) Insertion of a needle into a vein to collect a blood sample. |
164 | $8 | $15 |
| Same-day hospital admission and discharge, high complexity Initial hospital care for a patient admitted and discharged on the same day, involving a high level of medical decision making. This service requires at least 85 minutes of time spent on the day of the visit. |
136 | $153 | $400 |
| Complete blood count (CBC) with differential An automated laboratory test that measures the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the blood, including a breakdown of the different types of white blood cells. |
118 | $8 | $15 |
| Sedation by physician, initial 15 minutes Administration of a drug to induce depression of consciousness by the physician performing a procedure. This code covers the initial 15 minutes of sedation for patients aged 5 years or older. |
118 | $9 | $25 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
110 | $116 | $300 |
| Comprehensive metabolic blood panel A blood test that measures a group of chemicals, including glucose, electrolytes, and kidney and liver function markers. |
106 | $10 | $21 |
| Remote vital sign monitoring management, each additional 20 minutes This code covers the time spent by a provider managing patient data from remote vital sign monitoring devices. It applies to each additional 20-minute increment beyond the initial monthly service period. |
104 | $29 | $80 |
| Programming of multiple lead implantable defibrillator system Adjustment and testing of the settings for an implanted heart device with multiple leads to ensure proper function. |
100 | $76 | $196 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
100 | $60 | $180 |
| Echocardiogram, transthoracic An ultrasound of the heart that uses color to show blood flow, rate, direction, and valve function. |
94 | $117 | $324 |
| EKG interpretation and report A standard electrocardiogram test that records the heart's electrical activity using at least 12 leads. The service includes a professional interpretation of the results and a written report. |
89 | $6 | $16 |
| Principal care management for high-risk disease, first 30 minutes This service covers the initial 30 minutes of clinical staff time per calendar month to manage a single high-risk disease. It is directed by a healthcare professional. |
88 | $45 | $110 |
| Lipid panel (cholesterol and triglycerides) A blood test that measures cholesterol and triglyceride levels. |
86 | $13 | $27 |
| Initial hospital admission, high complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 75 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
82 | $131 | $341 |
| Programming of dual lead implantable defibrillator system Adjustment and testing of the settings for an implanted heart device with two leads to ensure proper function. |
81 | $65 | $192 |
| Natriuretic peptide level test A blood test that measures the level of natriuretic peptide, a protein produced by the heart and blood vessels. |
78 | $38 | $80 |
| Pacemaker system evaluation Assessment of a pacemaker device, including single, dual, multiple lead, or leadless systems. |
76 | $40 | $109 |
| Remote patient monitoring management, 20 min/month Management based on results from remote vital sign monitoring for the first 20 minutes per calendar month. |
72 | $36 | $90 |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test A blood test that measures the level of thyroid stimulating hormone to evaluate thyroid function. |
69 | $16 | $32 |
| Additional 30 minutes of principal care management This service covers each additional 30 minutes of clinical staff time directed by a healthcare professional for managing a single high-risk disease, billed per calendar month. |
63 | $34 | $90 |
| Atrial fibrillation ablation with pulmonary vein isolation A procedure to treat atrial fibrillation by mapping the heart's electrical activity and destroying tissue causing irregular contractions. This is done by isolating the pulmonary veins using catheter-based destruction. |
60 | $692 | $1,846 |
| Catheter ablation for abnormal heart rhythm A procedure where catheters are inserted to destroy tissue causing irregular heartbeats. |
59 | $222 | $627 |
| Heart chamber tissue destruction via catheter A procedure that destroys tissue in the upper heart chamber using a tube to treat abnormal heart rhythm. |
59 | $225 | $628 |
| Transitional care management services, moderate complexity Services provided to coordinate care during the transition from an inpatient or other facility setting back to the community. This includes follow-up and management of a health problem of at least moderate complexity. |
51 | $154 | $400 |
| Pacemaker insertion with heart chamber electrodes A surgical procedure to implant a pacemaker device and place electrodes into the upper and lower chambers of the heart to regulate heart rhythm. |
50 | $348 | $992 |
| Cardiac rhythm monitor evaluation Review and analysis of data recorded by a cardiac rhythm monitoring device to assess heart activity. |
41 | $37 | $100 |
| Basic metabolic blood panel A blood test that measures a group of basic chemicals, including total calcium levels. |
39 | $8 | $17 |
| Pacemaker programming, single lead Adjustment and testing of a single-lead pacemaker to ensure it functions correctly. |
37 | $46 | $131 |
| Continuous ECG monitoring, up to 30 days Continuous heart rhythm monitoring for up to 30 days, including professional review and reporting of the results. |
32 | $18 | $50 |
| 30-day continuous ECG with patient-triggered event transmission and review This procedure involves continuous electrocardiogram monitoring for up to 30 days, including the transmission of patient-triggered events. A healthcare professional reviews the data and provides a report. |
32 | $631 | $1,500 |
| Programming of single lead implantable defibrillator system Adjustment and testing of the settings for a single-lead implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to ensure proper function. |
31 | $58 | $155 |
| Principal care management for high-risk disease, first 30 minutes This service involves 30 minutes of personal care management by a qualified healthcare professional for a patient with a single high-risk disease, billed per calendar month. |
23 | $62 | $160 |
| Implantable defibrillator system check A check of the implanted defibrillator device to ensure it is functioning correctly. This evaluation covers single, dual, or multiple lead systems. |
22 | $48 | $140 |
| Magnesium level test A blood test to measure the amount of magnesium in your body. This helps check for magnesium deficiency or excess. |
20 | $7 | $13 |
| Removal and replacement of dual lead permanent pacemaker This procedure involves removing an existing permanent pacemaker with two leads and replacing it with a new device. It is performed to update or repair the heart rhythm management system. |
16 | $265 | $670 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, moderate complexity Follow-up hospital visit for an existing patient involving moderate medical decision making. The visit requires at least 35 minutes of time spent on the date of service. |
16 | $61 | $147 |
| Insertion of implantable defibrillator system A surgical procedure to place an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) device into the body. The device is connected to the heart to monitor heart rhythm and deliver shocks if dangerous arrhythmias occur. |
15 | $672 | $1,755 |
| Pacemaker system programming Adjustment and testing of a multi-lead pacemaker to ensure proper function and settings. |
13 | $62 | $157 |
| Insertion of implantable heart rhythm monitor A small device is placed under the skin to continuously record the heart's electrical activity. This helps detect irregular heart rhythms that may not appear during a standard office visit. |
12 | $3,301 | $6,800 |
| Troponin blood test A blood test that measures the amount of troponin protein in your body. Troponin is released into the blood when heart muscle is damaged. |
12 | $12 | $25 |
| Heart conduction tissue destruction A procedure that destroys heart conduction tissue to create a heart block. |
12 | $436 | $1,100 |
| Radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia A procedure to locate and destroy abnormal heart tissue in the upper chambers of the heart that causes a rapid heart rate. |
12 | $626 | $1,602 |
| Office visit for established patient An office visit for an existing patient that may not require the healthcare professional to be present. |
12 | $13 | $45 |
| Insertion of left lower heart electrode for pacemaker or defibrillator A procedure to place an electrode in the lower part of the left side of the heart. This electrode is used to connect a pacemaker or defibrillator to help regulate the heart's rhythm. |
11 | $346 | $888 |
| Removal and replacement of multiple lead defibrillator This procedure involves removing existing defibrillator leads and replacing them with new ones. It is performed to update or repair the electrical connections of a cardiac rhythm management device. |
11 | $303 | $775 |
| Removal of subcutaneous heart rhythm monitor This procedure involves the removal of a heart rhythm monitor that has been implanted under the skin. It is a minor surgical intervention to extract the device. |
11 | $78 | $260 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. These counts do not measure clinical quality or years of experience.
42.2% high complexity
0.0% medium
57.8% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$10,723
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $1,532/year across 7 years
Top 20% in NY for cardiovascular disease
A higher payment rank reflects disclosed industry relationships (consulting, research, speaking) common among subspecialists — not wrongdoing.
28
Companies
262
Payment records
Payments are publicly reported; disclosure does not establish legality · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment categories are unavailable while the source breakdown is being rebuilt. Company and year totals do not identify how much belongs to each category.
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$901
2023
$1,140
2022
$3,301
2021
$731
2020
$520
2019
$2,064
2018
$2,067
Payments by company (2024)
Abbott Laboratories
$334
Boston Scientific Corporation
$170
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$154
W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.
$138
Bard Peripheral Vascular, Inc.
$46
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$23
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$20
PFIZER INC.
$17
Top 3 companies account for 73.0% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
Abbott Laboratories
$4,335
Boston Scientific Corporation
$2,242
Medical Device Business Services, Inc.
$930
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
$521
Medtronic, Inc.
$485
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$402
CVRx, Inc.
$397
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$234
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$193
W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.
$138
Biosense Webster, Inc.
$108
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$98
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$89
Preventice Services, LLC
$88
PFIZER INC.
$80
ABIOMED
$72
AltaThera Pharmaceuticals LLC
$52
Bard Peripheral Vascular, Inc.
$46
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$34
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$32
Amgen Inc.
$29
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.
$26
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$20
Novo Nordisk Inc
$18
CHIESI USA, INC.
$16
B. Braun Interventional Systems Inc.
$13
Philips Electronics North America Corporation
$13
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$13
Top 3 companies account for 70.0% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
AQUAMANTYS(TM) · ASSURITY · AVEIR · Advisa · Arcalyst · Azure · BRILINTA · Barostim Neo System · Bridge · CAMZYOS · CLEVIPREX 25MG/50ML · CONFIRM RX · Carto 3 · Carto 3 System · Confirm Rx · ELIQUIS · ENSITE PRECISION · ENTRESTO · GENERAL THERAPIES · GENERAL THERAPIES · GORE CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder · INGEVITY+ · Impella · JOT DX · LATITUDE Communicator Power Supply · LEQVIO · LUX DX · LUX-DX · LUX-Dx Insertable Cardiac Monitor · LifeVest · MICRA · MULTAQ · Micra · NEXLETOL · No Marketed Product Name · Occluders · PLASMABLADE(TM) · PRALUENT · Quadra Assura CRT Defibrillator · Quartet CRT Lead · RESONATE EL ICD VR · RHYTHMIA · Repatha · Rhythmia Mapping System · Saxenda · Sotalol Hydrochloride · VIGILANT · VYNDAQEL · Venclose Maven Catheter · WATCHMAN · XARELTO · myLUX Patient Kit with mobile device
Should you be concerned? Industry payments are disclosed through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their purpose, legality, or effect on care. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Geographic Context
Cardiologists in nearby ZIP areas
101
County median income
$83,149
Nearest hospital to ZIP centroid (approximate)
ALBANY MEDICAL CENTER HOSPITAL
4.6 mi
4.6 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | NPPES snapshot; verify current record |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | PECOS snapshot |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not included | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Santoro is an electrophysiology & remote specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 4% in NY), with 21 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Santoro experienced with remote pacemaker/defibrillator monitoring, 90 days?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Santoro performed 1,251 remote pacemaker/defibrillator monitoring, 90 days services. These records cover Medicare fee-for-service activity, including eligible younger beneficiaries; they do not measure total practice volume or clinical quality.
Does Dr. Santoro receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Santoro received a total of $10,723 from 28 companies across 262 payment records. A record can group multiple payments. These transfers are publicly disclosed through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their legality or effect on care. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Santoro's costs compare to other cardiologists in Albany?
Dr. Santoro's average Medicare payment per service is $58. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Santoro) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating the presence of registry, enrollment, activity or payment records, not verified experience or clinical quality. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Source publication dates and the snapshots loaded on this site can differ. Rebuilding a page does not refresh its source records. Check the Medicare reporting year and the payment interval shown above; consult the linked official sources for newer releases and current registry details. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
This page combines public CMS records with calculated summaries and explanatory procedure labels. These transformations are not verbatim federal records. Sources: NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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