Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Michael Keller, M.D.
Critical Care Medicine · Lake Forest, IL
Practice pattern: Clinical Cardiology
— Primarily office-based clinical cardiology
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Keller from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Keller
Dr. Michael Keller is a critical care medicine specialist in Lake Forest, IL, with 18 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Keller performed 2,969 Medicare services in 2023. These records do not provide a deduplicated patient total.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Keller received a total of $10,766 from 43 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 556 payment records. A record can group multiple payments. These transfers are publicly reported through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their effect on care. A reliable breakdown by payment category is not available in this snapshot. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Keller is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 18 years of NPI registration
▲ Top 6% volume in IL
$10,766 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary — 2023
Medicare Utilization ↗2,969
Medicare services
Top 6% in IL for critical care medicine
Not available
Unique patients (not deduplicated)
$89
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital follow-up visit, high complexity Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care for an existing patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 50 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
1,132 | $94 | $326 |
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
713 | $92 | $307 |
| Initial hospital admission, high complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 75 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
213 | $133 | $633 |
| Office visit, established patient, complex (40-54 min) An office or outpatient visit for an existing patient lasting between 40 and 54 minutes. This level of service is determined by the total time spent on the date of the encounter. |
172 | $136 | $477 |
| Pulmonary gas exchange test A test to examine how well the lungs exchange gases. |
116 | $43 | $315 |
| Lung volume test using sensors A test that measures the amount of air in the lungs using sensors. |
112 | $41 | $317 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
96 | $127 | $545 |
| Spirometry test before and after medication A test that measures the amount of air you can exhale and the speed of your breathing before and after taking a medication. |
93 | $30 | $317 |
| Expiratory airflow and volume test A test that measures the amount of air you can exhale and the speed at which you can breathe it out. It evaluates lung function by assessing expiratory airflow and volume. |
83 | $18 | $190 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, moderate complexity Follow-up hospital visit for an existing patient involving moderate medical decision making. The visit requires at least 35 minutes of time spent on the date of service. |
72 | $61 | $228 |
| Exercise-induced lung stress test A test performed to evaluate how the lungs function during physical exertion. It helps identify breathing difficulties or lung conditions that occur specifically when exercising. |
32 | $22 | $130 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
29 | $65 | $242 |
| Online digital E/M service, established patient, 21+ minutes An online digital evaluation and management service for an established patient. This service requires a total time of 21 or more minutes over a period of up to 7 days. |
28 | $34 | $190 |
| Overnight continuous oxygen level test This test measures oxygen levels in the blood continuously overnight using a device attached to the ear or finger. |
27 | $18 | $123 |
| Critical care, first 30-74 min Emergency medical care for a critically ill or injured patient lasting between 30 and 74 minutes. This service involves direct patient care and medical decision making to stabilize the patient. |
26 | $173 | $792 |
| Exercise stress test A test that monitors the heart and lungs while the patient exercises to evaluate their function under physical stress. |
14 | $121 | $839 |
| Oxygen level test using ear or finger device A test that measures the oxygen level in the blood using a device attached to the ear or finger. The measurement is taken multiple times. |
11 | $3 | $93 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. These counts do not measure clinical quality or years of experience.
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$10,766
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $1,538/year across 7 years
Top 15% in IL for critical care medicine
A higher payment rank reflects disclosed industry relationships (consulting, research, speaking) common among subspecialists — not wrongdoing.
43
Companies
556
Payment records
Payments are publicly reported; disclosure does not establish legality · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment categories are unavailable while the source breakdown is being rebuilt. Company and year totals do not identify how much belongs to each category.
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$1,251
2023
$2,102
2022
$2,830
2021
$951
2020
$580
2019
$1,458
2018
$1,593
Payments by company (2024)
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.
$343
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$267
United Therapeutics Corporation
$248
Electromed, Inc.
$74
Mylan Specialty L.P.
$60
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$50
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$36
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$30
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$30
Philips North America LLC
$25
GENZYME CORPORATION
$24
Baxter Healthcare
$24
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.
$23
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$17
Top 3 companies account for 68.6% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.
$2,534
United Therapeutics Corporation
$2,144
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$1,104
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$826
Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc.
$769
Electromed, Inc.
$403
Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$339
Genentech USA, Inc.
$253
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$225
Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.
$206
Mylan Specialty L.P.
$181
Grifols USA, LLC
$179
JAZZ PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
$159
Harmony Biosciences LLC
$129
Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$122
PFIZER INC.
$116
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$102
GENZYME CORPORATION
$98
Gilead Sciences, Inc.
$97
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.
$89
Baxter Healthcare
$83
Intuitive Surgical, Inc.
$81
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$68
Shionogi Inc
$57
Philips Electronics North America Corporation
$49
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
$40
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation
$36
Sandoz Inc.
$30
Amgen Inc.
$28
Philips North America LLC
$25
ADVANCED RESPIRATORY, INC
$24
Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$22
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$17
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$16
Vapotherm Inc
$15
Mayne Pharma Inc.
$15
Kaleo, Inc.
$14
Itamar Medical Inc
$14
Bausch Health US, LLC
$13
Mallinckrodt LLC
$13
Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.
$13
Tris Pharma Inc
$12
Inogen, Inc.
$6
Top 3 companies account for 53.7% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
(8874) inCourage · (AK6) Vest Therapy · ACTHAR · ADVAIR · AIRSUPRA · ANORO · ANORO ELLIPTA · AREXVY · Adempas · AirDuo Digihaler · Auvi-Q · BEVESPI AEROSPHERE · BREO · BREZTRI · BREZTRI AEROSPHERE · BROVANA · Baxdela · CHANTIX · CINQAIR · DIFICID · DORYX · DUPIXENT · Da Vinci Surgical System · Dyanavel XR · ELIQUIS · Esbriet · FARXIGA · FASENRA · Fetroja · GLASSIA · Gamunex-C · Hillrom - Life 2000 Ventilation System · Hillrom - Vest System Model 105 Home Care · InogenOne · LONHALA MAGNAIR · NONE · NUCALA · OFEV · OPSUMIT · OPSUMIT MACITENTAN · ORENITRAM · ProAir Digihaler · Prolastin-C Liquid · SMARTVEST · SPIRIVA RESPIMAT · STARLING SYSTEM · STIOLTO RESPIMAT · SUNOSI · SYMBICORT · TEZSPIRE · TRELEGY ELLIPTA · TREPROSTINIL · TYVASO · The VisiVest Airway Clearance System · UPTRAVI · Utibron · VAPOTHERM · Vest 205 Metaneb System · WAKIX · WELLBUTRIN · WatchPATONE · Wellcentive Undiv · XARELTO · XYREM · Xolair · YUPELRI · Yupelri · ZERBAXA
Should you be concerned? Industry payments are disclosed through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their purpose, legality, or effect on care. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Geographic Context
Critical care medicines in nearby ZIP areas
92
County median income
$108,917
Nearest hospital to ZIP centroid (approximate)
NORTHWESTERN LAKE FOREST HOSPITAL
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | NPPES snapshot; verify current record |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | PECOS snapshot |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not included | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Keller is a clinical cardiology specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 6% in IL), with 18 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Keller experienced with hospital follow-up visit, high complexity?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Keller performed 1,132 hospital follow-up visit, high complexity services. These records cover Medicare fee-for-service activity, including eligible younger beneficiaries; they do not measure total practice volume or clinical quality.
Does Dr. Keller receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Keller received a total of $10,766 from 43 companies across 556 payment records. A record can group multiple payments. These transfers are publicly disclosed through CMS Open Payments. Disclosure alone does not establish their legality or effect on care. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Keller's costs compare to other critical care medicines in Lake Forest?
Dr. Keller's average Medicare payment per service is $89. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Keller) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating the presence of registry, enrollment, activity or payment records, not verified experience or clinical quality. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Source publication dates and the snapshots loaded on this site can differ. Rebuilding a page does not refresh its source records. Check the Medicare reporting year and the payment interval shown above; consult the linked official sources for newer releases and current registry details. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
This page combines public CMS records with calculated summaries and explanatory procedure labels. These transformations are not verbatim federal records. Sources: NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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