Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Alex Villacastin, M.D.
Internal Medicine · Citrus Springs, FL
Practice pattern: Mixed Practice— Diverse clinical practice across multiple procedure types
Low-engagement
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating. This page presents federal public records about Dr. Villacastin from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Villacastin
Dr. Alex Villacastin is an internal medicine in Citrus Springs, FL, with 19 years in practice. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Villacastin performed 5,379 Medicare services across 2,797 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Villacastin received a total of $24,556 from 69 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 1249 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in internal medicine. Most payments are for meals and travel — low-value interactions common across virtually all practicing physicians. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Villacastin is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. This is not a quality rating. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 19 years in practice▲ Top 7% volume in FL$ $24,556 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗5,379
Medicare services
Top 7% in FL for internal medicine
2,797
Unique beneficiaries
$54
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · Not a quality rating · How to read this →
~283 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nursing facility visit, moderate complexity | 1,233 | $79 | $131 |
| Blood draw (venipuncture) | 665 | $8 | $20 |
| Nursing facility visit, low complexity | 510 | $51 | $85 |
| Detection test by immunoassay technique for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and influenza | 371 | $48 | $87 |
| Urinalysis, manual | 303 | $3 | $13 |
| Home visit, established patient, low complexity | 294 | $55 | $105 |
| Prothrombin time test (blood clotting) | 212 | $4 | $10 |
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) | 189 | $90 | $198 |
| Initial nursing facility care with high level of medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 45 minutes | 162 | $142 | $190 |
| Hemoglobin A1c test (diabetes monitoring) | 131 | $10 | $20 |
| Initial nursing facility care with moderate level of medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 35 minutes | 127 | $101 | $160 |
| Routine electrocardiogram (ecg) using at least 12 leads with tracing | 121 | $4 | $35 |
| Transitional care management services for problem of high complexity | 118 | $210 | $298 |
| Dexamethasone injection (steroid) | 100 | $0 | $6 |
| Drug injection, under skin or into muscle | 89 | $10 | $35 |
| Steroid injection (triamcinolone) | 86 | $1 | $6 |
| Removal of impacted ear wax | 81 | $33 | $75 |
| Transitional care management services for problem of at least moderate complexity | 74 | $157 | $320 |
| Residence visit for established patient with straightforward medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 15 minutes | 68 | $27 | $109 |
| Annual wellness visit, follow-up | 61 | $126 | $207 |
| Subsequent nursing facility care with high level of medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 45 minutes | 56 | $120 | $196 |
| Administration and interpretation of patient-focused health risk assessment | 43 | $2 | $10 |
| Home visit, established patient, moderate complexity | 43 | $97 | $158 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) | 33 | $61 | $137 |
| Test to measure expiratory airflow and volume changes before and after medication administration | 31 | $19 | $64 |
| Test to measure largest amount of air breathed in an out | 31 | $8 | $30 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) | 25 | $110 | $292 |
| Flu vaccine, quadrivalent | 21 | $72 | $93 |
| Flu vaccine administration | 21 | $29 | $58 |
| Nursing facility discharge day management, 30 minutes or less | 19 | $60 | $85 |
| New patient office visit (30-44 min) | 17 | $61 | $195 |
| Telephone medical discussion with physician, 5-10 minutes | 16 | $39 | $70 |
| Residence visit for new patient with low level of medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 30 minutes | 14 | $61 | $120 |
| Injection, vitamin b-12 cyanocobalamin, up to 1000 mcg | 14 | $1 | $15 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$24,556
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $3,508/year across 7 years
Top 3% in FL for internal medicine
69
Companies
1,249
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$24,211 (98.6%)
Speaking / Promotional
Speaker programs, honoraria, and industry-sponsored educational events
$345 (1.4%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024$2,806
2023$3,197
2022$3,807
2021$4,826
2020$3,054
2019$3,515
2018$3,351
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$3,413
Novo Nordisk Inc
$2,217
PFIZER INC.
$1,797
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.
$1,640
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$1,319
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$1,283
AbbVie Inc.
$1,151
Amgen Inc.
$1,120
Lilly USA, LLC
$936
Amarin Pharma Inc.
$908
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$831
ABBVIE INC.
$816
Astellas Pharma US Inc
$673
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$539
UCB, Inc.
$386
Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$375
Abbott Laboratories
$356
Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.
$353
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$297
Allergan Inc.
$276
Biohaven Pharmaceutical Holding Company Ltd.
$258
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$231
Allergan, Inc.
$230
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation
$224
Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$220
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$220
Nestle HealthCare Nutrition Inc.
$217
Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$206
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.
$146
Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$139
Exact Sciences Corporation
$120
Radius Health, Inc.
$113
JAZZ PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
$110
ARBOR PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
$100
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.
$93
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$88
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$78
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$76
Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.
$62
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$58
Salix Pharmaceuticals, a division of Bausch Health US, LLC
$57
DEXCOM, INC.
$57
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$51
Biogen, Inc.
$50
ITI, Inc.
$47
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
$46
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Inc.
$44
Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$43
Mylan Specialty L.P.
$40
Eisai Inc.
$35
Purdue Pharma L.P.
$32
EVOKE PHARMA, INC.
$30
Lundbeck LLC
$28
Boston Scientific Corporation
$28
Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$27
OPKO Pharmaceuticals, LLC
$27
AbbVie, Inc.
$23
Grifols USA, LLC
$22
Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$22
IDORSIA PHARMACEUTICALS US INC
$22
Inogen, Inc.
$21
Alkermes, Inc.
$20
SUN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES INC.
$19
Inari Medical, Inc.
$18
Endogastric Solutions, Inc
$17
Corium, LLC
$17
LIFESCAN, INC.
$14
ITI, Inc. (d/b/a Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc.)
$13
Circassia Pharmaceuticals Inc
$11
Top 3 companies account for 30.2% of total payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
3F · ABILIFY MAINTENA · ADUHELM · ADVAIR · AIRSUPRA · AJOVY · ANORO · ANORO ELLIPTA · APTIOM · AREXVY · ARISTADA · AUSTEDO · AVEIR · Aimovig · AirDuo Digihaler · Amitiza · Azstarys · BAQSIMI · BASAGLAR · BELSOMRA · BEVESPI AEROSPHERE · BREO · BREZTRI · BREZTRI AEROSPHERE · BYDUREON · Briviact · CAPLYTA · CHANTIX · COLOGUARD · COLOGUARD DNA CAPTURE REAGENTS · COMIRNATY · CREON · CYCLOSET · Cologuard Collection Kit · DEXCOM G6 TRANSMITTER · DUAKLIR PRESSAIR · Dayvigo · ELIQUIS · EMGALITY · ENTRESTO · ESOPHYX · EUCRISA · EVENITY · Edarbi · Edarbyclor · FARXIGA · FLOWTRIEVER CATHETER · FREESTYLE LIBRE 2 · FREESTYLE LIBRE 3 · FreeStyle Libre · FreeStyle Libre 2 · GEMTESA · GIMOTI · GVOKE PFS · Horizant · INGREZZA · INVOKANA · InogenOne · Inpefa · JANUVIA · JARDIANCE · KAPSPARGO · Kapspargo Sprinkle (metoprolol succinate) · Kerendia · LEQVIO · LINZESS · LONHALA MAGNAIR · LYRICA · Leqembi · Livalo · MOUNJARO · MYRBETRIQ · MitraClip System · Myrbetriq · NEXLETOL · NEXLIZET · NUCALA · NUEDEXTA · NURTEC ODT · NUZYRA · Nayzilam · Neupro · Nuedexta · OXYCONTIN · Otezla · Ozempic · PAXLOVID · PRALUENT · PRALUENT ALIROCUMAB INJECTION · PREMARIN · PREVNAR 20 · Prolastin-C Liquid · Prolia · QULIPTA · QUVIVIQ · RAYALDEE · REXULTI · REYVOW · RYBELSUS · Repatha · Rybelsus · S · SEGLENTIS · SHINGRIX · SOLIQUA · SOLIQUA 100/33 · SPIRIVA RESPIMAT · SPRAVATO · STIOLTO RESPIMAT · SUNOSI · SYMBICORT · SYMPROIC · SYNTHROID · Strensiq · Synthroid · TOUJEO · TRADJENTA · TRELEGY ELLIPTA · TRINTELLIX · TRULICITY · TZIELD · Tresiba · Trintellix · Tymlos · UBRELVY · Uloric · Utibron · VERQUVO · VIBERZI · VOQUEZNA · VRAYLAR · Vascepa · Veozah · Victoza · Vimpat · WATCHMAN FLX · Wegovy · XARELTO · XIFAXAN · Xultophy 100/3.6 · Yupelri · ZENPEP
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Most payments (99%) are for meals and travel — low-value interactions that are common across virtually all practicing physicians. Total industry engagement is in the top 3% for internal medicine in FL.
Equivalent to $457 per 100 Medicare services performed
Geographic Context
Internal Medicines within 10 mi
194
Per 100K population
122.2
County median income
$55,355
Nearest hospital
TAMPA GENERAL HOSPITAL CRYSTAL RIVER
12.9 mi
12.9 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This measures how much public data is available about a provider — not how good they are. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Villacastin is a mixed practice specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 7% in FL), and high industry engagement (low-engagement, top 3%), with 19 years of practice experience.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data. It describes data availability and patterns — not clinical quality. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Villacastin experienced with nursing facility visit, moderate complexity?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Villacastin performed 1,233 nursing facility visit, moderate complexity services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Villacastin receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Villacastin received a total of $24,556 from 69 companies across 1,249 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Villacastin's costs compare to other internal medicines in Citrus Springs?
Dr. Villacastin's average Medicare payment per service is $54. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Villacastin) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. The Transparency Score measures data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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