Medicare Enrolled
Dr. John Krouse, MD
Interventional Cardiology · Walnut Creek, CA
Practice pattern: Remote & Electrophysiology
— Practice combining remote and electrophysiology services
Low-engagement
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Krouse from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Krouse
Dr. John Krouse is an interventional cardiology specialist in Walnut Creek, CA, with 19 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Krouse performed 3,044 Medicare services across 1,921 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Krouse received a total of $2,125 from 23 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 86 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in interventional cardiology. Most payments are for meals and travel — low-value interactions common across virtually all practicing physicians. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Krouse is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 19 years in practice
▲ Top 39% volume in CA
$2,125 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗3,044
Medicare services
Top 39% in CA for interventional cardiology
1,921
Unique beneficiaries
$90
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
~160 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
765 | $110 | $305 |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG), 12-lead A standard heart rhythm test using at least 12 leads to record electrical activity. A healthcare provider interprets the results and provides a written report. |
413 | $13 | $106 |
| Echocardiogram, transthoracic An ultrasound of the heart that uses color to show blood flow, rate, direction, and valve function. |
235 | $195 | $916 |
| Office visit, established patient, complex (40-54 min) An office or outpatient visit for an existing patient lasting between 40 and 54 minutes. This level of service is determined by the total time spent on the date of the encounter. |
220 | $163 | $406 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart rhythm device Evaluation of data transmitted remotely from an implantable cardiovascular monitor, such as a loop recorder or subcutaneous cardiac rhythm monitor, over a period up to 30 days. |
193 | $63 | $138 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart device, up to 30 days Remote evaluation of an implanted heart or blood vessel monitoring system over a period of up to 30 days. |
190 | $21 | $83 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, high complexity Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care for an existing patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 50 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
158 | $105 | $347 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
133 | $76 | $210 |
| Remote pacemaker/defibrillator monitoring, 90 days Remote evaluation of a pacemaker or implantable defibrillator system within 90 days of the last check. |
115 | $24 | $140 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
106 | $140 | $461 |
| Remote pacemaker monitoring, 90 days Remote assessment of a pacemaker system, including single, dual, multiple lead, or leadless devices, performed up to 90 days apart. |
87 | $26 | $138 |
| External EKG monitoring, 8-15 days Continuous external electrocardiogram recording and review over a period of 8 to 15 days to monitor heart rhythm. |
70 | $23 | $163 |
| Stress echocardiogram with ECG monitoring An ultrasound of the heart performed while monitoring heart rhythm during rest, exercise, or medication-induced stress, followed by a review and report of the findings. |
60 | $237 | $897 |
| Initial hospital admission, high complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 75 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
58 | $154 | $585 |
| New patient office visit (30-44 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 30 and 44 minutes. This code is used when the total time spent on the date of the encounter falls within this range. |
37 | $91 | $308 |
| Pacemaker system evaluation Assessment of a pacemaker device, including single, dual, multiple lead, or leadless systems. |
35 | $57 | $168 |
| Remote evaluation of implantable defibrillator system Remote assessment of a single, dual, or multiple lead implantable defibrillator system within 90 days of the previous evaluation. |
28 | $32 | $247 |
| New patient office visit, complex (60-74 min) | 28 | $195 | $569 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while an electrocardiogram is monitored under physician supervision. |
25 | $19 | $70 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while monitoring the electrocardiogram, with physician review of the results. |
25 | $12 | $61 |
| Pacemaker programming, dual lead system Adjustment and configuration of a dual-lead pacemaker device to ensure proper operation and settings. |
24 | $78 | $204 |
| Continuous EKG monitoring review, 48-7 days Review and interpretation of continuous external EKG recordings lasting more than 48 hours up to 7 days. |
15 | $21 | $162 |
| EKG interpretation and report A standard electrocardiogram test that records the heart's electrical activity using at least 12 leads. The service includes a professional interpretation of the results and a written report. |
12 | $5 | $26 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while monitoring the electrocardiogram under physician supervision and review. |
12 | $62 | $440 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
17.2% high complexity
4.0% medium
78.8% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$2,125
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $354/year across 6 years
Bottom 27% in CA for interventional cardiology
23
Companies
86
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$2,125 (100.0%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$624
2023
$1,170
2021
$38
2020
$15
2019
$217
2018
$63
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$170
Amgen Inc.
$78
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$74
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$52
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$47
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$47
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$43
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$27
Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$25
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$17
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$16
PFIZER INC.
$14
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$14
Top 3 companies account for 51.6% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$380
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$229
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$189
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
$176
Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc.
$161
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$153
Boston Scientific Corporation
$149
Abbott Laboratories
$102
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$80
Amgen Inc.
$78
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$56
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$49
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
$44
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$42
ShockWave Medical, Inc
$39
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$34
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$29
PFIZER INC.
$29
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$27
Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$25
ABIOMED
$22
BIOTRONIK INC.
$18
HeartFlow, Inc.
$14
Top 3 companies account for 37.5% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
ACCENT · ASSURITY · BIOMONITOR · BRILINTA · CAMZYOS · ELIQUIS · ENTRESTO · EVKEEZA · FFRct · Impella · JARDIANCE · Kerendia · LEQVIO · LifeVest · MULTAQ · NEXLETOL · OPTIMIZER · PCI Optimization · Repatha · Resolute · Reveal LINQ · Tendril Pacing Lead · VERQUVO · VYNDAQEL · Vascular Lithotripsy · WAINUA · WATCHMAN Access System · XARELTO
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Most payments (100%) are for meals and travel — low-value interactions that are common across virtually all practicing physicians.
Geographic Context
Interventional cardiologists within 10 mi
43
Per 100K population
3.7
County median income
$125,727
Nearest hospital
JOHN MUIR MEDICAL CENTER - WALNUT CREEK CAMPUS
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Krouse is a remote & electrophysiology specialist, with moderate Medicare volume, with low-engagement industry engagement, with 19 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Krouse experienced with office visit, established patient (30-39 min)?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Krouse performed 765 office visit, established patient (30-39 min) services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Krouse receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Krouse received a total of $2,125 from 23 companies across 86 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Krouse's costs compare to other interventional cardiologists in Walnut Creek?
Dr. Krouse's average Medicare payment per service is $90. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Krouse) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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