Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Jeffrey Southard, M.D.
Cardiovascular Disease · Sacramento, CA
Practice pattern: Clinical Cardiology
— Primarily office-based clinical cardiology
Speaking/Promotional
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Southard from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Southard
Dr. Jeffrey Southard is a cardiovascular disease specialist in Sacramento, CA, with 20 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Southard performed 1,269 Medicare services across 1,053 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Southard received a total of $236,030 from 26 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 498 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in cardiovascular disease. The majority of payments are for speaking programs and promotional activities, reflecting participation in industry-sponsored events. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Southard is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 20 years in practice
▲ 1,269 Medicare services
$236,030 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗1,269
Medicare services
Bottom 39% in CA for cardiovascular disease
Lower Medicare volume may reflect subspecialty focus, hospital-based work, or a higher share of non-Medicare patients.
1,053
Unique beneficiaries
$141
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
~63 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
417 | $72 | $495 |
| Transcatheter aortic valve replacement via femoral artery A minimally invasive procedure to replace a diseased aortic heart valve using a catheter inserted through the skin and femoral artery. |
136 | $586 | $4,429 |
| Sedation by physician, initial 15 minutes Administration of a drug to induce depression of consciousness by the physician performing a procedure. This code covers the initial 15 minutes of sedation for patients aged 5 years or older. |
97 | $10 | $207 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, moderate complexity Follow-up hospital visit for an existing patient involving moderate medical decision making. The visit requires at least 35 minutes of time spent on the date of service. |
95 | $66 | $282 |
| Hospital follow-up visit, high complexity Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care for an existing patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 50 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
69 | $99 | $391 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
66 | $102 | $632 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
44 | $44 | $354 |
| Initial hospital admission, moderate complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving moderate-level medical decision making, with at least 55 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
39 | $107 | $526 |
| New patient office visit, complex (60-74 min) | 36 | $143 | $453 |
| Insertion of tube in right and left heart chambers and coronary artery for diagnosis with review by radiologist | 32 | $262 | $1,568 |
| Cardiac catheterization | 31 | $182 | $1,183 |
| Initial hospital admission, high complexity Initial hospital inpatient or observation care for a new patient involving high-level medical decision making, with at least 75 minutes total time on the date of the encounter. |
30 | $144 | $734 |
| Hospital discharge day management, 30 minutes or less This service covers the final day of hospital care when the patient is being discharged. It includes coordination of care and instructions for the patient within a time frame of 30 minutes or less. |
28 | $68 | $275 |
| Telephone medical discussion, 5-10 minutes A phone conversation with a physician lasting between 5 and 10 minutes to discuss medical matters. |
23 | $28 | $62 |
| Coronary stent placement A procedure to insert a stent into a coronary artery or its branch to keep it open, using balloon dilation during the process. |
22 | $388 | $2,163 |
| Office visit, established patient (10-19 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting 10 to 19 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
22 | $24 | $220 |
| Right heart catheterization A procedure where a thin, flexible tube is inserted into the right side of the heart to measure pressure and oxygen levels. |
20 | $96 | $561 |
| New patient office visit (30-44 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 30 and 44 minutes. This code is used when the total time spent on the date of the encounter falls within this range. |
19 | $68 | $434 |
| Ultrasound of heart blood vessel or graft An ultrasound exam to evaluate blood flow in a heart blood vessel or graft, including a radiologist's review of the initial vessel. |
15 | $75 | $379 |
| Coronary angiography A procedure to insert a tube into a coronary artery to capture diagnostic images of the heart's blood vessels. |
15 | $119 | $1,044 |
| Telephone medical discussion, 11-20 minutes A phone conversation with a physician lasting between 11 and 20 minutes. |
13 | $54 | $173 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
16.5% high complexity
1.2% medium
82.3% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$236,030
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $33,719/year across 7 years
Top 3% in CA for cardiovascular disease
A higher payment rank reflects disclosed industry relationships (consulting, research, speaking) common among subspecialists — not wrongdoing.
26
Companies
498
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Speaking / Promotional
Speaker programs, honoraria, and industry-sponsored educational events
$118,674 (50.3%)
Consulting
Expert advisory fees, typically reflecting recognized clinical expertise
$110,879 (47.0%)
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$6,477 (2.7%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$16,514
2023
$18,636
2022
$29,892
2021
$40,769
2020
$28,685
2019
$37,613
2018
$63,921
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
$8,587
Abbott Laboratories
$3,500
ShockWave Medical, Inc
$3,180
Medtronic, Inc.
$421
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$203
Recor Medical Inc
$181
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$159
W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.
$143
ABIOMED
$96
CARDIVA MEDICAL, INC.
$27
Acarix USA Inc.
$16
Top 3 companies account for 92.5% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
$138,184
Abbott Laboratories
$65,349
Boston Scientific Corporation
$10,255
ShockWave Medical, Inc
$10,048
Shockwave Medical, Inc
$4,670
BIOTRONIK INC.
$2,237
Medtronic, Inc.
$1,421
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$795
Teleflex LLC
$700
ABIOMED
$460
W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.
$424
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$316
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$203
Recor Medical Inc
$181
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
$173
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$124
Philips Electronics North America Corporation
$122
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$110
Chiesi USA, Inc.
$84
CathWorks, Inc.
$45
PFIZER INC.
$29
CARDIVA MEDICAL, INC.
$27
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$25
Biosense Webster, Inc.
$17
Acarix USA Inc.
$16
CHIESI USA, INC.
$15
Top 3 companies account for 90.6% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
(6574) Coronary Other · (9266) ELCA · 3F · ACIST RXI SYSTEM · AMPLATZER AMULET · AVVIGO Guidance System · Acticor · Asahi Fielder coronary guide wire · Astron; Pulsar; AstronPulsar · CADScor System · CAMZYOS · CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder · CARTO 3 · COREVALVE EVOLUT R · Comet · CoreValve Evolut · DRAGONFLY OPSTAR · Dragonfly OCT · EDWARDS SAPIEN 3 TRANSCATHETER HEART VALVE (THV) · ELIQUIS · Edwards SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve · Edwards SAPIEN 3 Ultra Transcatheter Heart Valve · FFRangio · FFRangio System · FFRct · GENERAL STRUCTURAL HEART · GENERAL THERAPIES · GENERAL - STRUCTURAL HEART · GENERAL - THERAPIES · GENERAL STRUCTURAL HEART · GORE CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder · General - Structural Heart · Guidezilla · HeartMate PHP · Impella · JARDIANCE · KENGREAL · KENGREAL 50MG/10ML L · LifeVest · MAMBA · MANTA · MICRA · MITRACLIP · OMNILINK ELITE · ONYX FRONTIER · OPTIS · Omnilink Elite vascular stent system · OptiCross · Optis Coronary Imaging System · Orsiro Mission · PARADISE RENAL DENERVATION SYSTEM · PCI Optimization · PK Papyrus · Perclose ProStyle · ROTABLATOR · ROTAPRO · RotaWire and wireClip Torquer · SAPIEN 3 Ultra RESILIA · SAVVYWIRE · SHOCKWAVE IVL SYSTEM WITH THE SHOCKWAVE C2 CORONARY IVL CATHETER · STINGRAY · SYNERGY · Shockwave IVL System with the Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL Catheter · VSI Guidewire · Vascular Lithotripsy · WATCHMAN · WATCHMAN Access System · WOLVERINE · Wolverine Coronary Cutting Balloon · XARELTO · XIENCE SIERRA · Xience Sierra Coronary Stent System · Xience V coronary stent system
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
The majority of payments (50%) are for speaking programs and promotional activities, which reflect participation in industry-sponsored educational or marketing events. This is common in cardiovascular disease and does not inherently indicate bias, but patients may wish to be aware. Total industry engagement is in the top 3% for cardiovascular disease in CA.
Geographic Context
Cardiologists within 10 mi
153
Per 100K population
9.7
County median income
$88,724
Nearest hospital
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS MEDICAL CENTER
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Southard is a clinical cardiology specialist, with moderate Medicare volume, with speaking/promotional industry engagement in the top 3% of CA peers, with 20 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Southard experienced with office visit, established patient (30-39 min)?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Southard performed 417 office visit, established patient (30-39 min) services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Southard receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Southard received a total of $236,030 from 26 companies across 498 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Southard's costs compare to other cardiologists in Sacramento?
Dr. Southard's average Medicare payment per service is $141. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Southard) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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