Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Katherine Ludington, M.D.
Cardiovascular Disease · Encinitas, CA
Practice pattern: Remote & Cardiac
— Practice combining remote and cardiac services
Low-engagement
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Ludington from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Ludington
Dr. Katherine Ludington is a cardiovascular disease specialist in Encinitas, CA, with 20 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Ludington performed 11,198 Medicare services across 5,468 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Ludington received a total of $8,618 from 48 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 323 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in cardiovascular disease. Most payments are for meals and travel — low-value interactions common across virtually all practicing physicians. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Ludington is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 20 years in practice
▲ Top 6% volume in CA
$8,618 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗11,198
Medicare services
Top 6% in CA for cardiovascular disease
5,468
Unique beneficiaries
$105
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
~560 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
2,234 | $103 | $174 |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG), 12-lead A standard heart rhythm test using at least 12 leads to record electrical activity. A healthcare provider interprets the results and provides a written report. |
1,212 | $12 | $95 |
| Remote cardiac rhythm monitor evaluation, up to 30 days Review and analysis of data from a remote cardiac rhythm monitoring system over a period of up to 30 days. |
1,070 | $21 | $189 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart rhythm device Evaluation of data transmitted remotely from an implantable cardiovascular monitor, such as a loop recorder or subcutaneous cardiac rhythm monitor, over a period up to 30 days. |
1,063 | $60 | $168 |
| Regadenoson injection (Lexiscan) for heart stress test An injection of regadenoson, a medication used to stress the heart during diagnostic testing. |
713 | $43 | $526 |
| Office visit, established patient, complex (40-54 min) An office or outpatient visit for an existing patient lasting between 40 and 54 minutes. This level of service is determined by the total time spent on the date of the encounter. |
676 | $150 | $211 |
| Echocardiogram, transthoracic An ultrasound of the heart that uses color to show blood flow, rate, direction, and valve function. |
628 | $168 | $1,125 |
| Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi diagnostic injection A diagnostic injection of technetium Tc-99m sestamibi used for imaging studies. |
478 | $252 | $355 |
| 2-day continuous ECG with review and report A two-day continuous electrocardiogram recording that includes a professional review and written report of the results. |
289 | $64 | $527 |
| Remote monitoring of implantable heart device, up to 30 days Remote evaluation of an implanted heart or blood vessel monitoring system over a period of up to 30 days. |
264 | $20 | $156 |
| Exercise or drug-induced heart stress test with ECG A heart stress test performed using exercise or medication while monitoring the electrocardiogram under physician supervision and review. |
257 | $57 | $479 |
| Office visit for established patient An office visit for an existing patient that may not require the healthcare professional to be present. |
251 | $20 | $52 |
| Nuclear stress test of heart muscle A nuclear medicine imaging test that evaluates blood flow to the heart muscle at rest and during stress using a special camera. |
248 | $402 | $4,432 |
| Ultrasound of head and neck blood flow, bilateral An ultrasound exam that uses sound waves to visualize and assess blood flow in the vessels of both the head and the neck. |
221 | $169 | $576 |
| COVID-19 vaccine administration Administration of a single dose of the coronavirus vaccine. |
188 | $45 | $75 |
| COVID-19 vaccine (Moderna bivalent) An intramuscular injection of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine containing 50 micrograms in a 0.5 mL dose. |
158 | $143 | $200 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
120 | $74 | $138 |
| Stress echocardiogram with ECG monitoring An ultrasound of the heart performed while monitoring heart rhythm during rest, exercise, or medication-induced stress, followed by a review and report of the findings. |
97 | $209 | $956 |
| Adm sarscv2 bvl 50mcg/.5ml a | 94 | $44 | $75 |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, 50 mcg/0.5 mL Administration of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine containing 50 micrograms of antigen in a 0.5 milliliter dose. |
94 | $0 | $75 |
| Remote pacemaker rhythm strip evaluation Remote evaluation of pacemaker rhythm strips via telephone. This service covers assessment of single, dual, multiple lead, or leadless pacemaker systems within a 90-day period. |
85 | $39 | $435 |
| Ultrasound of arm or leg veins An ultrasound exam of the veins in the arm or leg. The test uses sound waves to check blood flow and may include compression and other maneuvers. |
74 | $172 | $543 |
| Pacemaker programming, dual lead system Adjustment and configuration of a dual-lead pacemaker device to ensure proper operation and settings. |
70 | $67 | $785 |
| Continuous ECG monitoring, up to 30 days Continuous heart rhythm monitoring for up to 30 days, including professional review and reporting of the results. |
63 | $21 | $955 |
| 30-day continuous ECG with patient-triggered event transmission and review This procedure involves continuous electrocardiogram monitoring for up to 30 days, including the transmission of patient-triggered events. A healthcare professional reviews the data and provides a report. |
63 | $702 | $877 |
| New patient office visit, complex (60-74 min) | 63 | $176 | $529 |
| New patient office visit (45-59 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 45 and 59 minutes. This code covers the total time spent by the physician or qualified healthcare professional on the date of the encounter. |
41 | $133 | $224 |
| Ultrasound of arm and leg arteries A non-invasive imaging test that uses sound waves to examine the blood vessels in the arms and legs. It evaluates blood flow and checks for blockages or other vascular issues. |
36 | $119 | $512 |
| Ultrasound of leg arteries or grafts An imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the blood vessels in the legs or any surgical grafts present. |
36 | $226 | $593 |
| Complete ultrasound of aorta, vena cava, groin vessels or bypass grafts A complete ultrasound exam of the aorta, vena cava, groin vessels, or bypass grafts. This imaging test uses sound waves to visualize these blood vessels. |
32 | $168 | $656 |
| Insertion of implantable heart rhythm monitor A small device is placed under the skin to continuously record the heart's electrical activity. This helps detect irregular heart rhythms that may not appear during a standard office visit. |
31 | $4,159 | $8,296 |
| COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer bivalent) Administration of a 30 mcg dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine via intramuscular injection. |
31 | $128 | $200 |
| Remote patient monitoring device, 30 days Initial setup of devices for remote monitoring of body functions with daily data transmission or alerts. This service covers the first 30 days of the monitoring period. |
29 | $47 | $300 |
| Follow-up heart ultrasound An ultrasound of the heart performed to monitor or reassess a previously identified condition or treatment progress. |
28 | $91 | $501 |
| Follow-up ultrasound of heart blood flow, valves and chambers An ultrasound exam that follows up on the heart's blood flow, valves, and chambers. It uses sound waves to create images of the heart's structure and function. |
28 | $23 | $301 |
| First dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine injection This procedure involves the intramuscular injection of the first dose of a single severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) vaccine. The vaccine is an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle formulation containing the spike protein. |
27 | $45 | $75 |
| COVID-19 mRNA vaccine injection An intramuscular injection of a coronavirus vaccine using mRNA technology to help prevent infection. |
27 | $0 | $75 |
| Remote patient monitoring management, 20 min/month Management based on results from remote vital sign monitoring for the first 20 minutes per calendar month. |
24 | $43 | $300 |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, 30 mcg/0.3 mL Administration of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine containing 30 micrograms of antigen in a 0.3 milliliter dose. |
21 | $45 | $75 |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, 30 mcg/0.3 mL A vaccine injection to protect against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The dose contains 30 micrograms of antigen in a 0.3 milliliter volume. |
21 | $0 | $75 |
| Remote physiologic monitoring setup and education Initial setup of remote monitoring equipment and patient education on its use. |
13 | $18 | $125 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
7.5% high complexity
20.0% medium
72.5% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$8,618
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $1,231/year across 7 years
Top 30% in CA for cardiovascular disease
A higher payment rank reflects disclosed industry relationships (consulting, research, speaking) common among subspecialists — not wrongdoing.
48
Companies
323
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$8,599 (99.8%)
Speaking / Promotional
Speaker programs, honoraria, and industry-sponsored educational events
$19 (0.2%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$1,533
2023
$664
2022
$1,223
2021
$1,201
2020
$648
2019
$1,590
2018
$1,759
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc.
$789
Medtronic, Inc.
$174
Boston Scientific Corporation
$119
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$92
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$86
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$60
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals International, plc
$41
Abbott Laboratories
$25
Philips North America LLC
$24
Novo Nordisk Inc
$24
Lilly USA, LLC
$23
Amgen Inc.
$23
Baxter Healthcare
$22
Currax Pharmaceuticals LLC
$15
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$15
Top 3 companies account for 70.6% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
BIOTRONIK INC.
$2,452
Medtronic, Inc.
$840
Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc.
$789
PFIZER INC.
$389
Amgen Inc.
$357
Abbott Laboratories
$355
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$319
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$302
Boston Scientific Corporation
$242
Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.
$206
Currax Pharmaceuticals LLC
$206
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$199
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$170
Amarin Pharma Inc.
$144
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc
$139
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
$133
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.
$122
Novo Nordisk Inc
$101
HEARTFLOW, INC.
$92
iRhythm Technologies, Inc.
$91
Bard Peripheral Vascular, Inc.
$80
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
$79
Bardy Diagnostics, Inc.
$69
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$65
AngioDynamics, Inc.
$61
ZOLL Services LLC (A/K/A ZOLL LifeCor Corp)
$52
Baxter Healthcare
$45
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
$44
Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals International, plc
$41
MEDICOMP INC
$39
ARBOR PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
$38
Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc.
$35
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation
$30
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
$27
Astellas Pharma US Inc
$25
Philips North America LLC
$24
Lilly USA, LLC
$23
Gilead Sciences, Inc.
$22
W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.
$21
Arbor Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$21
G Medical Diagnostic Services, Inc.
$19
Coala Life Inc
$19
Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.
$18
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$17
Noden Pharma USA Inc
$16
HeartFlow, Inc.
$14
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.
$14
EISAI INC.
$11
Top 3 companies account for 47.4% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
(5044) MCOT · Acticor · Acticor 7 VR-T DX · Advisa · Arcalyst · Azure · BIOMONITOR · Belviq · BioMonitor · CAMZYOS · CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder · CHANTIX · CONTRAVE · Cardiac Monitor · Cardiac Monitoring Suite · CardioMEMS HF System · Carnation Ambulatory Monitor · Coala Heart Monitor · Confirm Rx · Dexilant · ELIQUIS · ENTRESTO · EVKEEZA · Edarbi · Edarbyclor · Edora · Edwards SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve · FFRct · GENERAL TACHY · General - Therapies · Hillrom - Cardiac Ambulatory Monitor · JARDIANCE · JYNARQUE · LEQVIO · LEXISCAN · LINQ II · LUX-Dx Insertable Cardiac Monitor · LifeVest · Livalo · MITRACLIP · MULTAQ · Micra · Mitra Clip system · NEXLETOL · ONPATTRO · OPSUMIT MACITENTAN · Optimizer · Ozempic · PRALUENT · PRALUENT ALIROCUMAB INJECTION · Pacemakers · RYBELSUS · Repatha · Reveal LINQ · Rivacor · Rivacor 7 DR-T · Rybelsus · Saxenda · Solia · TEKTURNA · TELEPATCH CARDIAC MONITOR · UPTRAVI · VERQUVO · Vascepa · WATCHMAN · WATCHMAN FLX · XARELTO · ZIO Patch · ZIO XT Patch · ZOOM
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
Most payments (100%) are for meals and travel — low-value interactions that are common across virtually all practicing physicians.
Geographic Context
Cardiologists within 10 mi
224
Per 100K population
6.8
County median income
$102,285
Nearest hospital
SCRIPPS MEMORIAL HOSPITAL - ENCINITAS
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Ludington is a remote & cardiac specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 6% in CA), with low-engagement industry engagement, with 20 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Ludington experienced with office visit, established patient (30-39 min)?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Ludington performed 2,234 office visit, established patient (30-39 min) services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Ludington receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Ludington received a total of $8,618 from 48 companies across 323 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Ludington's costs compare to other cardiologists in Encinitas?
Dr. Ludington's average Medicare payment per service is $105. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Ludington) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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