Medicare Enrolled
Dr. Jeffrey Crowley, M.D.
MOHS-Micrographic Surgery Physician · Bakersfield, CA
Practice pattern: Mixed Practice
— Diverse clinical practice across multiple procedure types
Speaking/Promotional
Very High
DATA COVERAGE
Data in 4 of 4 federal sources
Measures public federal data availability — not provider quality
Informational, not a quality rating.
This page presents federal public records about Dr. Crowley from CMS (NPPES, Open Payments, Medicare Provider Utilization, PECOS). It is not medical advice, an endorsement, or a judgment of clinical quality. Always consult the provider directly and a licensed clinician for medical decisions. Read methodology →
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What this data tells you about Dr. Crowley
Dr. Jeffrey Crowley is a mohs-micrographic surgery physician in Bakersfield, CA, with 20 years of NPI registration. Based on federal Medicare data, Dr. Crowley performed 32,658 Medicare services across 11,861 unique beneficiaries.
Between the years covered by Open Payments, Dr. Crowley received a total of $2,321,364 from 48 pharmaceutical and/or device companies across 2630 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common in mohs-micrographic surgery physician. The majority of payments are for speaking programs and promotional activities, reflecting participation in industry-sponsored events. Patients may wish to discuss these relationships with their provider.
The Data Coverage level for Dr. Crowley is Very High — reflecting how much public federal data is available about this provider. Patients are encouraged to use this data as one of several factors when choosing a healthcare provider.
✓ 20 years in practice
▲ Top 1% volume in CA
$2,321,364 industry payments
Medicare Practice Summary
Medicare Utilization ↗32,658
Medicare services
Top 1% in CA for mohs-micrographic surgery physician
11,861
Unique beneficiaries
$72
Avg. Medicare payment
Medicare patients only (65+ / disabled) · How to read this →
~1,633 Medicare services per year of practice
Top procedures by volume
Ranked by number of services performed for Medicare patients. Avg. submitted charge is what the provider billed; avg. Medicare payment is what CMS paid.
| Procedure | Volume | Avg. paid | Avg. submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injection, tildrakizumab, 1 mg | 9,700 | $110 | $175 |
| Destruction of precancerous skin growths, 2-14 This procedure involves the removal or destruction of two to fourteen precancerous skin lesions. It is performed to eliminate abnormal skin cells that have the potential to develop into cancer. |
9,387 | $5 | $20 |
| Office visit, established patient (20-29 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting between 20 and 29 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
2,548 | $66 | $125 |
| Tissue pathology examination, moderate complexity A laboratory test where a pathologist examines tissue samples under a microscope to analyze cellular details. This intermediate complexity procedure involves specialized techniques to identify abnormalities in the tissue. |
2,287 | $56 | $150 |
| Destruction of precancerous skin growth, 1 Removal of a single precancerous skin growth. This procedure destroys abnormal skin cells to prevent them from developing into cancer. |
2,255 | $40 | $100 |
| Destruction of skin growths (warts/lesions), 1-14 This procedure involves the removal or destruction of one to fourteen skin growths. It is a minor surgical intervention performed on the skin surface. |
716 | $77 | $180 |
| Office visit, established patient (10-19 min) An office visit for an existing patient lasting 10 to 19 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
540 | $42 | $80 |
| Skin biopsy, tangential A procedure to remove a sample of the first identified skin growth for laboratory examination. |
386 | $61 | $145 |
| Steroid injection (triamcinolone) A 10 mg injection of triamcinolone acetonide, a corticosteroid medication. This code specifies the drug and dosage administered. |
292 | $1 | $5 |
| Skin growth removal and lab exam, 1-5 blocks This procedure involves the removal of a growth from the head, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. The removed tissue is then examined under a microscope in the laboratory. |
281 | $459 | $1,000 |
| Destruction of cancer skin growth, 0.6-1.0 cm This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin growth located on the trunk, arms, or legs that measures between 0.6 and 1.0 centimeters. |
253 | $93 | $220 |
| Destruction of cancerous skin growth on face, 0.6-1.0 cm This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin lesion located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. The lesion treated measures between 0.6 and 1.0 centimeters in diameter. |
246 | $123 | $300 |
| Destruction of 15 or more precancerous skin growths This procedure involves the removal or destruction of fifteen or more precancerous skin lesions. It is performed to treat abnormal skin cells that have the potential to develop into cancer. |
239 | $127 | $250 |
| Removal and microscopic exam of growth of head, neck, hands, feet, or genitals, each additional stage, 1-5 tissue blocks | 239 | $345 | $600 |
| Destruction of cancer skin growth, 0.6-1.0 cm This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin growth measuring 0.6 to 1.0 centimeters. It is performed on the scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. |
207 | $103 | $250 |
| New patient office visit, 15-29 minutes An initial office visit for a new patient lasting 15 to 29 minutes. This code is used when the total time spent on the date of the encounter meets this duration threshold. |
191 | $54 | $110 |
| Topical aminolevulinic acid HCl 20% solution A topical medication applied to the skin for medical treatment. It is supplied as a single-unit dosage form containing 354 mg of the active ingredient. |
187 | $290 | $500 |
| Pathology tissue examination, moderate complexity A laboratory test where a pathologist examines tissue samples under a microscope to identify abnormalities. This specific level indicates a moderate degree of complexity in the analysis. |
162 | $36 | $100 |
| Light application with debridement to destroy precancerous skin growth This procedure involves applying light to the skin along with debridement to destroy precancerous skin growths. |
151 | $236 | $400 |
| Intermediate wound repair, 2.6-7.5 cm A medical procedure to close a wound on the scalp, underarms, trunk, arms, or legs that measures between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters. This type of repair involves cleaning the wound and stitching it closed to promote healing. |
149 | $213 | $450 |
| Destruction of cancer skin growth, 1.1-2.0 cm Removal of a cancerous skin growth on the trunk, arms, or legs that measures between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters. |
124 | $121 | $260 |
| Special tissue stain and frozen section analysis A laboratory procedure involving special staining of tissue slides and frozen preparation of a specimen, including professional interpretation and reporting of the results. |
117 | $77 | $125 |
| Shaving of skin growth, 0.6-1.0 cm A minor procedure to shave off a skin growth on the body, arms, or legs that measures between 0.6 and 1.0 centimeters. |
111 | $84 | $180 |
| Drug injection, under skin or into muscle A procedure involving the administration of a medication or substance via injection into the subcutaneous tissue or muscle. |
96 | $11 | $30 |
| Additional skin growth biopsy Removal of a sample of an additional skin growth for laboratory examination. This code is used for each extra lesion biopsied during the same session. |
95 | $42 | $75 |
| Surgical removal of skin cancer, 1.1-2.0 cm Surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth measuring between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters on the body, arms, or legs. |
86 | $104 | $370 |
| Destruction of cancer skin growth of scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals, 1.1-2.0 cm | 85 | $128 | $300 |
| Destruction of small cancerous skin growth on face or mouth This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin lesion measuring 0.5 centimeters or less located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. |
82 | $85 | $250 |
| Ceftriaxone antibiotic injection This code represents the administration of ceftriaxone sodium, an antibiotic medication. The charge is calculated for every 250 mg of the drug administered. |
81 | $0 | $20 |
| Intermediate repair of wound of face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth, 2.6-5.0 cm | 77 | $221 | $450 |
| Surgical removal of facial skin cancer, 1.1-2.0 cm This procedure involves the surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. The size of the removed tissue is between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters. |
72 | $110 | $400 |
| Surgical removal of skin cancer, 2.1-3.0 cm This procedure involves the surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth located on the body, arms, or legs. The size of the removed tissue measures between 2.1 and 3.0 centimeters. |
71 | $118 | $400 |
| Shaving of small skin growth on face or mouth area A minor procedure to shave off a small skin growth, measuring 0.5 cm or less, located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. |
69 | $76 | $165 |
| New patient office visit (30-44 min) An initial office visit for a new patient lasting between 30 and 44 minutes. This code is used when the total time spent on the date of the encounter falls within this range. |
69 | $83 | $160 |
| Complicated wound repair, 2.6-7.5 cm A complex surgical procedure to close a wound measuring between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters on areas such as the face, neck, hands, or feet. |
61 | $245 | $700 |
| Skin tag removal, 1-15 tags This procedure involves the removal of one to fifteen skin tags. It is a minor surgical intervention to excise these benign growths from the skin. |
58 | $51 | $130 |
| Shaving of skin growth on face, 0.6-1.0 cm This procedure involves shaving off a skin growth located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. The size of the growth being removed is between 0.6 and 1.0 centimeters. |
54 | $97 | $200 |
| Office visit for established patient An office visit for an existing patient that may not require the healthcare professional to be present. |
50 | $15 | $40 |
| Intermediate wound repair, 2.6-7.5 cm This procedure involves stitching a wound on the neck, hands, feet, or genitals that measures between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters. It is classified as an intermediate repair requiring layered closure. |
47 | $210 | $450 |
| Destruction of skin growth, 15 or more growths | 47 | $91 | $200 |
| Destruction of cancerous skin growth on face, 1.1-2.0 cm This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin lesion located on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth. The lesion treated measures between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters in diameter. |
47 | $143 | $320 |
| Shaving of skin growth, 0.6-1.0 cm A minor procedure to shave off a skin growth measuring 0.6 to 1.0 cm from the scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. |
46 | $85 | $190 |
| Complicated wound repair, scalp/arms/legs, 2.6-7.5 cm A complex surgical procedure to close a wound on the scalp, arms, or legs that measures between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters in length. |
46 | $225 | $600 |
| Office visit, established patient (30-39 min) A follow-up office visit for an existing patient lasting between 30 and 39 minutes. The visit involves medical evaluation and management of the patient's condition. |
44 | $95 | $175 |
| Shaving of skin growth, 1.1-2.0 cm This procedure involves shaving off a skin growth measuring between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters from the body, arms, or legs. |
43 | $96 | $220 |
| Complex repair of eyelid, nose, ear, or lip wound, 2.6-7.5 cm A surgical procedure to repair a complex wound on the eyelid, nose, ear, or lip that measures between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters. |
37 | $224 | $750 |
| Complicated wound repair of trunk, 2.6-7.5 cm A surgical procedure to close a complex wound on the trunk that measures between 2.6 and 7.5 centimeters in length. |
36 | $231 | $550 |
| Additional Mohs surgery stage with microscopic exam This procedure involves the removal and microscopic examination of an additional stage of tissue from the trunk, arms, or legs. It is performed in stages to ensure complete removal of the growth. |
33 | $332 | $600 |
| Additional tissue block examination Microscopic examination of an additional tissue block beyond the initial five. This step is performed to analyze extra samples from the same growth. |
33 | $65 | $160 |
| Full thickness skin graft to nose, ears, eyelids, or lips, 20 sq cm or less A surgical procedure where a full layer of skin is taken from a donor site and transplanted to the nose, ears, eyelids, or lips. The graft covers an area of 20 square centimeters or less. |
29 | $826 | $1,600 |
| Skin growth removal and lab exam, 1-5 blocks A procedure to remove a growth from the trunk, arms, or legs and send 1 to 5 tissue samples to a laboratory for microscopic examination. |
29 | $460 | $900 |
| Skin growth shaving, 0.5 cm or less This procedure involves shaving off a small skin growth measuring 0.5 centimeters or less from the body, arms, or legs. |
26 | $63 | $150 |
| Removal of noncancer skin growth, 1.1-2.0 cm This procedure involves the surgical removal of a benign skin growth located on the body, arms, or legs. The growth measured between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters in diameter. |
26 | $72 | $260 |
| Intermediate wound repair, 7.6-12.5 cm This procedure involves stitching a wound on the scalp, underarms, trunk, arms, or legs that measures between 7.6 and 12.5 centimeters. It includes cleaning the wound and closing it with sutures to promote healing. |
25 | $248 | $500 |
| Intermediate repair of wound of face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth, 5.1-7.5 cm | 23 | $195 | $510 |
| Surgical removal of skin cancer, 1.1-2.0 cm Surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth measuring 1.1 to 2.0 centimeters from the scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. |
22 | $106 | $370 |
| Surgical removal of skin cancer, 3.1-4.0 cm This procedure involves the surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth located on the body, arms, or legs. The size of the removed tissue is between 3.1 and 4.0 centimeters. |
20 | $148 | $450 |
| Surgical removal of skin cancer, 2.1-3.0 cm Surgical excision of a cancerous skin growth measuring 2.1 to 3.0 centimeters from the scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. |
20 | $123 | $450 |
| Complicated wound repair, each additional 5 cm or less This code covers the additional work for a complex surgical repair of a wound on the scalp, arms, or legs when the repair extends beyond the initial measurement. It is billed for each incremental 5-centimeter segment added to the primary procedure. |
16 | $105 | $200 |
| Shaving of skin growth, 1.1-2.0 cm Removal of a skin growth by shaving the surface of the skin. The procedure is performed on the face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth and involves a lesion measuring between 1.1 and 2.0 centimeters. |
15 | $110 | $240 |
| Destruction of cancer skin growth on trunk, arms, or legs, 0.5 cm or less This procedure involves the removal or destruction of a cancerous skin growth located on the trunk, arms, or legs that is 0.5 centimeters or smaller in size. |
14 | $57 | $140 |
| Complex repair of eyelid, nose, ear, or lip wound, 1.1-2.5 cm A surgical procedure to repair a complex wound on the eyelid, nose, ear, or lip that measures between 1.1 and 2.5 centimeters. |
13 | $177 | $650 |
| Shaving of skin growth, 0.5 cm or less Removal of a small skin growth by shaving it off the surface. This procedure is performed on the scalp, neck, hands, feet, or genitals. |
12 | $63 | $155 |
| Intermediate repair of wound of scalp, underarms, trunk, arms, or legs, 12.6-20.0 cm | 12 | $297 | $515 |
| Complicated wound repair, each additional 5 cm or less This code covers the additional work for repairing a complex wound in specified body areas when the repair extends beyond the initial measurement. It applies to each incremental 5.0 cm or less added to the primary repair length. |
12 | $138 | $250 |
| Intermediate repair of wound of face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, or mouth, 7.6-12.5 cm | 11 | $263 | $550 |
How to read this data: This reflects Medicare patients only (typically 65+). Payment amounts are what Medicare paid the provider, not your out-of-pocket cost. A higher procedure volume generally indicates more experience with that procedure.
0.1% high complexity
32.6% medium
67.3% routine
Industry Payment Transparency
Open Payments through 2024 ↗$2,321,364
Total received (2018-2024)
Avg $331,623/year across 7 years
Top 1% in CA for mohs-micrographic surgery physician
A higher payment rank reflects disclosed industry relationships (consulting, research, speaking) common among subspecialists — not wrongdoing.
48
Companies
2,630
Individual payments
All payments are legal and publicly reported · Not evidence of wrongdoing · How to interpret →
Payment profile
Industry payments classified by relationship type. Not all payments are equal — research and consulting reflect different relationships than speaking programs or meals.
Speaking / Promotional
Speaker programs, honoraria, and industry-sponsored educational events
$1,909,498 (82.3%)
Consulting
Expert advisory fees, typically reflecting recognized clinical expertise
$405,810 (17.5%)
Meals & Travel
Food, beverages, travel, and lodging — typically low-value
$6,057 (0.3%)
Payment trend by year
Annual totals from pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
2024
$322,720
2023
$287,191
2022
$414,709
2021
$219,885
2020
$186,492
2019
$401,917
2018
$488,451
Payments by company (2024)
Consulting
Speaking
Meals & Travel
Research
ABBVIE INC.
$110,336
UCB, Inc.
$69,239
Janssen Biotech, Inc.
$31,363
Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc.
$31,287
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$27,109
GENZYME CORPORATION
$15,774
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$14,704
Galderma Laboratories, L.P.
$13,080
Lilly USA, LLC
$5,025
SUN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES INC.
$1,942
Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
$1,798
Janssen Global Services, LLC
$450
Amgen Inc.
$109
Incyte Corporation
$106
Organogenesis Inc.
$98
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$55
Biofrontera Inc.
$44
Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.), Inc.
$37
Dermavant Sciences, Inc.
$36
Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC
$35
Smith+Nephew, Inc.
$30
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$26
Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$19
PFIZER INC.
$18
Top 3 companies account for 65.4% of 2024 payments
All-time payments by company (2018-2024) ›
Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC
$286,936
ABBVIE INC.
$279,230
Lilly USA, LLC
$238,448
AbbVie, Inc.
$229,513
AbbVie Inc.
$203,574
UCB, Inc.
$156,280
Janssen Biotech, Inc.
$151,536
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.
$142,347
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
$128,486
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
$95,837
GENZYME CORPORATION
$94,346
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$56,948
Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc.
$53,793
Amgen Inc.
$41,907
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Inc.
$35,762
Celgene Corporation
$26,401
LEO Pharma AS
$18,032
Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
$17,015
Novartis Pharma AG
$14,898
Galderma Laboratories, L.P.
$13,132
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$10,861
UCB SA
$7,911
SUN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES INC.
$6,414
Janssen Global Services, LLC
$3,461
NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS CORPORATION
$3,009
LEO Pharma Inc.
$2,646
Incyte Corporation
$1,138
PFIZER INC.
$252
Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.), Inc.
$158
Dermavant Sciences, Inc.
$135
DUSA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$122
Almirall LLC
$119
SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. LLC
$118
Organogenesis Inc.
$98
Biofrontera Inc.
$98
Genentech USA, Inc.
$91
Ortho Dermatologics, a division of Bausch Health US, LLC
$59
Mayne Pharma Inc.
$52
Journey Medical Corporation
$40
Smith+Nephew, Inc.
$30
Kyowa Kirin, Inc.
$21
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$20
Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc.
$19
Antares Pharma, Inc.
$16
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation
$15
Taro Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
$14
TARO PHARMACEUTICALS USA, INC.
$14
Pierre Fabre Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$12
Top 3 companies account for 34.7% of all-time payments
Associated products mentioned in payments ›
0.25% · 20% · ABSORICA · ABSORICA (isotretinoin) · ADBRY · AIN457A · AIN_COSENTYX_DERMATOLOGY · AKLIEF · AKYNZEO · AMELUZ · ANGLED BLADE PLATES · Ameluz · BLU-U · BLU-U Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator Model 4170 · BRYHALI · Bimzelx · CIBINQO · COSENTYX · COS_COSENTYX_DERMATOLOGY · Cimzia · Clindamycin Phosphate and Benzoyl Peroxide · DERMATITIS - DISEASE · DORYX · DUOBRII · DUPIXENT · DUPIXENT DUPILUMAB INJECTION · EBGLYSS · ENSTILAR · EPSOLAY · EUCRISA · Enbrel · Erivedge · GRAFIX PL · HUMIRA · Halog · Humira · ICLUSIG · ILUMYA · ILUMYA (tildrakizumab-asmn) injection · Ilumya · Klisyri · LEVULAN KERASTICK · LIBTAYO · Levulan Kerastick (aminolevulinic acid HCl) for Topical Solution · ODOMZO · OLUMIANT · OPZELURA · ORACEA · Olumiant · Otezla · Otrexup · POTELIGEO · PURAPLY AM · PURAPLY FRANCHISE · QBREXZA · REMICADE · RINVOQ · Rituxan · SILIQ · SIVEXTRO · SKYRIZI · SPEVIGO · STELARA · Seysara · Skyrizi · Sotyktu · TALTZ · TOPICORT (desoximetasone) Topical Spray · TREMFYA · Tremfya · VALCHLOR · VTAMA · Winlevi · YCANTH · Zoryve
Should you be concerned? Payments from pharmaceutical and device companies are legal and common — 57% of U.S. physicians receive at least one. They often reflect legitimate consulting, research, or education. What matters is whether a recommended drug or device appears in your doctor's payment records. If so, consider asking your doctor about it. How to interpret this data →
The majority of payments (82%) are for speaking programs and promotional activities, which reflect participation in industry-sponsored educational or marketing events. This is common in mohs-micrographic surgery physician and does not inherently indicate bias, but patients may wish to be aware. Total industry engagement is in the top 1% for mohs-micrographic surgery physician in CA.
Geographic Context
Mohs-micrographic surgery physicians within 10 mi
2
Per 100K population
0.2
County median income
$67,660
Nearest hospital
BAKERSFIELD BEHAVIORAL HEALTHCARE HOSPITAL, LLC
0.0 mi
0.0 mi
Data Sources
| Provider Registry | ✓ NPPES | Weekly updates |
| Medicare Enrollment | ✓ PECOS | Monthly updates |
| Practice Data | ✓ Medicare Util. | Annual (CY lag) |
| Industry Payments | ✓ Open Payments | CY 2024 |
| Disciplinary History | — Not public | N/A |
This provider has data in 4 of 4 available federal datasets, with a Data Coverage level of Very High. This reflects how much public data is available about a provider. How we calculate this →
Summary
Dr. Crowley is a mixed practice specialist, with above-average Medicare volume (top 1% in CA), with speaking/promotional industry engagement in the top 1% of CA peers, with 20 years of NPI registration.
This summary is auto-generated from federal data, describing data availability and patterns. Read our methodology →
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Dr. Crowley experienced with injection, tildrakizumab, 1 mg?
Based on Medicare claims data, Dr. Crowley performed 9,700 injection, tildrakizumab, 1 mg services. Research suggests that higher procedure volume is often associated with better outcomes, particularly for complex procedures. Note that Medicare data only captures patients aged 65 and older, so the total practice volume across all patients is likely higher.
Does Dr. Crowley receive payments from pharmaceutical companies?
Yes. Dr. Crowley received a total of $2,321,364 from 48 companies across 2,630 individual payments. These payments are legal, publicly disclosed under the federal Sunshine Act, and common among physicians — 57% of all U.S. physicians receive at least one industry payment. Patients may wish to ask their doctor about these relationships, especially if a recommended drug or device appears in the payment records.
How do Dr. Crowley's costs compare to other mohs-micrographic surgery physicians in Bakersfield?
Dr. Crowley's average Medicare payment per service is $72. Note that these figures represent what Medicare pays, not your out-of-pocket cost, which depends on your specific insurance plan and deductible. Procedure-level data above shows both what was submitted and what Medicare paid for each service type.
What does Data Coverage mean?
Data Coverage (currently Very High for Dr. Crowley) measures how much public federal data is available about a provider. It is not a quality rating. A "Very High" or "High" level means the provider has data across multiple federal sources (NPPES, PECOS, Medicare Utilization, Open Payments), indicating a long track record of practice, Medicare participation, and industry disclosure. A "Low" or "Moderate" level may simply mean the provider is newer, does not see Medicare patients, or has not received any industry payments — none of which are inherently negative. Read our full methodology →
Is this data up to date?
Each data source has its own update cycle. Provider registry data (NPPES) is updated weekly. Medicare enrollment (PECOS) is updated monthly. Medicare practice data has a ~2 year lag — the most recent available is typically 2 years prior. Industry payment data (Open Payments) is published annually, usually in June, covering the prior calendar year. We display the data date prominently on each section so you always know how current it is. See our data freshness policy →
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About this page
All data on this page is sourced verbatim from public federal records published by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): NPPES ↗, Open Payments ↗, Medicare Provider Utilization ↗, and PECOS. Publication is mandated by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (§6002 ACA, 42 U.S.C. §1320a-7h) and the Freedom of Information Act.
This page is not medical advice, an endorsement, a recommendation, or a quality rating. Data Coverage reflects data completeness — how much federal information exists for this provider — not clinical performance, patient outcomes, or quality of care. Always verify information directly with the provider and consult a licensed clinician before making medical decisions.
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